ETHERIFICATION, OXIDATION, ALKYLATION AND SKELETAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF ECDYSTEROIDS
Abstract
Phytoecdysteroids (PEs) are naturally occurring polyhydroxylated compounds with a structure similar to that of insect molting hormone and the plant hormone brassinosteroids. PEs have a four-ringed skeleton composed of 27, 28, 29, or 30 carbon atoms (derived from plant sterols). The carbon skeleton of ecdysteroid is known as cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene and has a β-sidechain on C-17. ECs are polar steroids, and their solubility is identical to that of sugar molecules; thus, they are lipophilic and soluble in aqueous mediums. However, mammalian steroidal hormones are relatively non-polar and have variable structures.
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